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Do hemorrhoids cause cancer?

Do Hemorrhoids Cause Cancer?

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Although hemorrhoids are benign and easy to treat, they often cause concern for patients, especially when symptoms such as rectal bleeding or anal masses occur.
A frequent and important question we hear at Dr. Duaa Al-Taani’s clinic is:
“Can hemorrhoids lead to cancer?”
 Or,
 “Do hemorrhoids increase the risk of colon or anal cancer?”

In this comprehensive article, we explore the relationship between hemorrhoids and cancer, explain how to distinguish between them, and when it’s time to see a specialist.

What are Hemorrhoids?

Hemorrhoids are swollen or enlarged veins in the anus and lower rectum.

They may be internal (inside the rectum) or external (under the skin around the anus), and often occur as a result of:

  • Chronic constipation or straining
  • Prolonged sitting, especially on the toilet
  • Pregnancy
  • Obesity
  • pressure during defecation

Common Hemorrhoid Symptoms:

  • Rectal bleeding during defecation
  • Anal discomfort, itching, or pain
  • A lump or swelling near the anus
  • The presence of a mass or external protrusion
Do hemorrhoids cause cancer?

Do Hemorrhoids Cause Cancer?

The short answer: No. Hemorrhoids do not cause cancer.

Hemorrhoids are a benign, non-cancerous condition. There is no medical evidence that hemorrhoids can develop into a malignant tumor or cause colon, rectal, or anal cancer.

However, the danger lies in the fact that some of the symptoms of hemorrhoids are similar to those of cancer, which may lead to a delayed diagnosis of cancer in its early stages if the symptoms are ignored or mistaken for hemorrhoids.

Hemorrhoids vs. Cancer: Key Differences in Symptoms

Symptom Hemorrhoids Cancer (colon or anal)
Rectal bleeding Bright red, often on toilet paper Dark blood, blood mixed with stool, or persistent
Anal pain Common with external hemorrhoids May occur during or after bowel movements
Anal or rectal mass Soft, tender lump Firm, possibly painless growth
Weight loss Uncommon Common in advanced cancer cases
Bowel habit changes Rare, usually from constipation Persistent changes (diarrhea, pencil-thin stool)

When to Worry: Warning Signs

Although hemorrhoids are a common condition, there are some warning signs that warrant immediate medical attention, as they may be indicative of other, more serious conditions, such as colon or rectal cancer. These include:

  • Persistent or heavy rectal bleeding
  • Sudden change in bowel pattern (sudden diarrhea or constipation)
  • unexplained weight loss
  • Anemia or low blood count
  • persistent abdominal or anal pain
  • Dark blood or black stools

In these cases, the doctor may request a colon endoscopy or diagnostic tests needed to exclude malignant tumors.

Why Do People Confuse Hemorrhoids With Cancer?

This mixing is due to several reasons:

  1. Similarity of symptoms: such as bleeding, lump, or pain.
  2. Embarrassment about visiting the doctor: leading to delayed diagnosis and reliance on self-diagnosis.
  3. Lack of health awareness: about the difference between the two conditions and the importance of early detection.

Correct Diagnosis of Hemorrhoids

To differentiate between hemorrhoids and other conditions, the doctor does the following:

  • Clinical examination: especially in cases of external hemorrhoids.
  • Digital rectal examination
  • Anoscopy or rectoscopy to view internal hemorrhoids.
  • Colonoscopy when there are concerning symptoms or a family history of colon cancer.

Can a Hemorrhoid Patient Develop Cancer?

The answer is: yes, but not because of the hemorrhoids themselves. They may develop it due to other reasons such as genetic factors or lifestyle. Therefore, if the patient has chronic hemorrhoids, new or different symptoms should not be ignored.

Prevention of both Hemorrhoids and Colon Cancer

The good news is that many tips that help prevent hemorrhoids also help prevent colon cancer, including:

  • Eating a diet rich in fiber (vegetables, fruits, whole grains)
  • Drinking adequate amounts of water
  • Exercising regularly
  • Avoiding sitting for long periods
  • Avoiding straining during bowel movements
  • Regular check-ups for those over 45 or with a family history of cancer

When should You Visit a Specialist?

We recommend visiting a doctor immediately if you experience:

  • Persistent rectal bleeding
  • Unexplained changes in bowel habits
  • Pain or swelling that doesn’t improve within a week
  • Persistent feeling of incomplete evacuation
  • Any new symptoms in the presence of previous hemorrhoids

Conclusion: No Need to Worry… But Don’t Ignore the Symptoms

Although hemorrhoids do not cause cancer, the similarity in symptoms between the two conditions requires accurate diagnosis and not relying on self-diagnosis.
At Dr. Daad Al Taani’s clinic, we provide you with comprehensive care to diagnose and treat hemorrhoids using the latest methods, while ensuring the exclusion of any serious conditions, because your comfort and health are our priority.

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